Epinal 200mg/ml (Injection)
Manufactured by: Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Phenobarbitone Sodium Similar medicine
Epinal is indicated for
- Status epilepticus
- Partial seizures
- Sedation
- Generalised tonic-clonic seizures
- Hypnotic
- Preoperative sedation
Precautions and warnings
This medication should be used with caution in elderly or weak patients, and in children. Stop taking it slowly rather than suddenly. Be careful if you have kidney, liver, or breathing problems. People with severe pain or depression should also use caution. This medicine can make it unsafe to drive or use heavy machinery. Talk to your doctor if you are breastfeeding.
Side-effects
- Bradycardia
- hypotension
- syncope; drowsiness
- lethargy
- CNS excitation or depression
- impaired judgment
- hangover effect
- confusion
- somnolence
- agitation
- hyperkinesia
- ataxia
- nervousness
- headache
- insomnia
- nightmares
- hallucinations
- anxiety
- dizziness; rash
- exfoliative dermatitis; nausea
- vomiting
- constipation; agranulocytosis
- thrombocytopenia
- megaloblastic anaemia; pain at inj site
- thrombophlebitis (IV); oliguria: laryngospasm
- respiratory depression
- apnoea (especially with rapid IV admin)
- hypoventilation. Potentially Fatal: Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Drug Interactions
This drug may increase the risk of liver damage if taken with too much paracetamol. It can lower the levels or effects of many other medicines, such as:
- Cancer drugs (like teniposide, methotrexate)
- Antipsychotics
- Blood pressure and heart medicines (like beta-blockers, calcium-channel blockers)
- Other seizure medicines
- Antibiotics (like chloramphenicol, doxycycline)
- Steroids (like corticosteroids)
- Immunosuppressants (like ciclosporin, tacrolimus)
- Hormones (like oestrogens, oral contraceptives)
- Painkillers (like methadone)
- Antidepressants (like TCAs)
- Blood thinners (like warfarin)
- Others (like cimetidine, felbamate, furosemide, griseofulvin, theophylline)
It may also make guanfacine less effective. If taken with certain drugs (like chloramphenicol, felbamate, MAOIs, or valproic acid), it can reduce their breakdown, leading to higher risk of side effects or toxicity. It can increase the risk of kidney damage if used with methoxyflurane.
**Warning:**
Combining this drug with alcohol, sleeping pills, antidepressants, opioid painkillers, benzodiazepines, or other drugs that slow the brain can dangerously increase drowsiness and breathing problems. It may also reduce the effect of some drugs for irregular heartbeat (such as disopyramide, propafenone, and quinidine).
Contraindications
Serious kidney or liver problems. Serious breathing difficulties, shortness of breath, or blocked airways. Porphyria. Pregnancy.
Mode of actions
Phenobarbitone is a type of barbiturate that works for a short time. It lowers activity in the brain’s sensory area, decreases movement, affects coordination, and causes drowsiness, sleepiness, or sedation. At higher doses, it can help prevent or control seizures.
Dosage & Administration
Adult: IV Status epilepticus Doses of 10-20 mg/kg. Max: 1 g.
IV/IM/SC Hypnotic 100-320 mg/day at bedtime.
IM Emergency management of acute seizures 200 mg repeated after 6 hr if needed. Sedation 30-120 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses. Pre-op sedation 100-200 mg 1-1.5 hr pre-op.
Children: Status epilepticus: IV 15-20 mg/Kg over 10-15 minutes
Pregnancy & Lactation
This medicine is not allowed during pregnancy. Do not use it if you are pregnant. It can be absorbed through the skin and lungs caused can damage your unborn child’s organs and cause congenital disabilities. Strict effective birth control during treatment and for six months after stopping this medicine. If you do become pregnant, stop taking this medicine and discuss your doctor right away.
There is no specific information on whether this medicine passes into breast milk or not. Considering the possible risks for the children, breastfeeding while using this medicine is not recommended and at least two weeks after the last dose. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.
Pack Size & Price
5 amps pack Price : ৳80
Similar medicine
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Click here to see more similar medicines
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